What are Nodes?

Nodes play a crucial role in the functioning of a blockchain, as they collectively maintain the decentralized and distributed nature of the network. Here are the key types of nodes. NodeX focuses mainly on Validator Nodes, Master Nodes and Governance Nodes.

1. Full Nodes:

   • Full nodes are complete copies of the blockchain ledger. They store the entire transaction history of the blockchain from its genesis block to the latest block.

   • Full nodes validate and relay transactions, as well as enforce consensus rules. They independently verify the authenticity of transactions and blocks, contributing to the security and integrity of the network.

2. Mining Nodes (Miners):

   • In Proof-of-Work (PoW) based blockchains, miners are nodes that compete to solve complex mathematical puzzles in order to add a new block to the blockchain. Successful miners are rewarded with newly created cryptocurrency (like Bitcoin) and transaction fees.

   • In Proof-of-Stake (PoS) or other consensus mechanisms, the term "mining" might not be applicable, but nodes still play a role in validating transactions and securing the network.

3. Validator Nodes:

   • In PoS and other consensus mechanisms, validator nodes are responsible for validating transactions and proposing new blocks. Validators are typically chosen based on the amount of cryptocurrency they "stake" or lock up as collateral.

   • Validator nodes contribute to reaching consensus without the need for energy-intensive mining.

4. Light Nodes (or Simple Nodes):

   • Light nodes store only a subset of the blockchain data. They rely on full nodes to provide them with necessary information when needed.

   • Light nodes are more resource-efficient and are suitable for devices with limited storage and bandwidth.

5. Seed Nodes:

   • Seed nodes are initial contact points for new nodes joining the network. They help new nodes discover and connect with other nodes in the network.

   • Seed nodes play a crucial role in the bootstrap process, allowing the network to grow and establish connections.

6. Masternodes (in certain blockchain networks):

   • Some blockchain networks, especially those utilizing PoS or hybrid consensus models, have masternodes. Masternodes perform additional functions beyond simple transaction validation, such as facilitating instant transactions or participating in governance.

7. Governance Nodes:

   • In blockchain networks with decentralized governance mechanisms, certain nodes may be designated as governance nodes. These nodes participate in decision-making processes, such as proposing and voting on protocol upgrades.

Understanding the roles and interactions of these nodes is essential for comprehending the decentralized and distributed nature of a blockchain system, as outlined in a whitepaper. The whitepaper typically provides details on the consensus algorithm, node roles, and the overall architecture of the blockchain network.